Prologue

Dedicated to Janet, the Good Witch

Beware of the danger of Parties in the State, with particular reference
to the founding of them on geographical discriminations.

George Washington 1796

The period between the formation of the Union and its break-up in the Civil War is marked by four distinct “Political Systems,” each with one party possessing dominant power nationally, and one or more opponents offering different platforms, and seeking to win control at the next election. This book examines their origins and principles.