Section #1 - The Congressmen Who Built Then Broke The Union

Appendix

Select Congressional Leaders: 1775-1788

George Washington

Ben Franklin

James Madison

Alexander Hamilton

Congressional Leaders: 1789-1795

Roll Call of Leaders Entering Congress Between 1789-1795

Name	Other High Offices (Elected/Appointed)	Foreign Assignments	Candidate For Prez/VP	Final Position In Congress Prewar	Death- Age
Rufus King	Loses twice for VP ’04,08	Min UK ’96-03	‘04, ’08,’16	Senate – 1813-25	1827 (72)
Elbridge Gerry	VP ’13-14, Gov MA ’10-12	None	1812	House – 1789-93	1814 (70)
John Langdon	Gov NH 4 times	None	Never	Senate – 1789-01	1818 (78)
Oliver Ellsworth	SCOTUS – Chief	None	Never	Senate – 1789-96	1807 (62)
George Read	Prez Del ’77-78	None	Never	Senate – 1789-93	1798 (65)
William Few	None	None	Never	Senate – 1789-93	1828 (80)
Charles Carroll	None	None	Never	Senate – 1789-93	1832 (95)
Robert Morris	None	None	Never	Senate – 1789-95	1806 (72)
Nicholas Gilman Jr	None	None	Never	Senate – 1805-14	1814 (58)
Richard H. Lee	None	None	Never	House – 1787-93	1827 (66)
John Sevier	Gov TN ’03-09	None	Never	House – 1811-15	1815 (70)
Nathaniel Macon	Loses VP ‘24	None	Never	Senate – 1815-28	1837 (79)
Samuel Smith	None	None	Never	Senate – 1822-33	1839 (86)

Some Additional Facts About These Congressional Leaders 1789-1795

Name	Height/ Build	Born 🡪 Settle	Birth Order	Occupation Of Father	Formal Education	Religion	Occupation	Own Slaves	Marriage	# Child- # Die	Miscellaneous
Rufus King	Average	MA🡪NY	1st of 4	Merchant/sea	Harvard	Episcopal	Mil/Law/Politic	No	Once	10-5	Rev War, 1st NY Sen
Elbridge Gerry	Average	MA	3rd /11	Merchant/Pol	Harvard	Unknown	Merch/Pol	No	Once	10-3	Anti-slavery, pro-Ham, ref to sign,gmandr
John Langdon	Large	NH	4th of 4	Ship builder	Prep School	Unknown	Sea/Mil/Pol	No	Once	1-0	Rev War, merchant
Oliver Ellsworth	Large	Conn	1st of 2	Military	Princeton	Unknown	Law/Pol	No	Once	9-2	Major role in 1787, pro-Ham, Judiciary
George Read	Tall/slim	Md🡪Del	4th of 4	Biz/Planter	Prep School	Episcopal	Law/Pol	Yes #?	Once	4-0	Signs DoI, dominates Del
William Few	Average	Md🡪Ga	??	Poor farmer	Little	Unknown	Mil/Politic	No	Once	None	Rev War, signs Constitution
Charles Carroll	Average	MD	??	Planter	Paris Lycee	Catholic	Pltr/Mil/Pol	1,100	Once	7-4	Only Catholic signer DoI, very wealthy
Robert Morris	Average	UK/MD/Pa	2nd/3	Tobacco merch	Little	Anglican	Intl trader/finan	A few	Once	6-1	“Financier of Rev War,” slave trade
Nicholas Gilman	Average	NH	2nd /6	Merchant	Little	Unknown	Biz/Mil/Pol	No	Never	None	Rev War combat, signs Constitution
Richard B. Lee	Average	Va	2nd/5	Mil/Pltr/Pol	Wm & Mary	Unknown	Pltr/Pol	29	Once	8-0	Pro-ratification
John Sevier	Average	Va🡪TN	1st of 7	Tavern/fur trade	Little	Presby	Mil/Politic	several	Twice	18-?	Duel with Jackson
Nathaniel Macon	Tall	NC	5th of 5	Military/planter	Princeton	Unknown	Politics/planter	70	Once	3-1	Opp Constit, States Rts, pro-slav, Macon2
Samuel Smith	Tall	Pa🡪Md	1st of 2	Merchant	Prep School	Unknown	Biz, Military/Pol	?	Once	2-0	Rev War, Defends Baltimore in War 1812

Congressmen: 1797-1815

Roll Call of Leaders Entering Congress Between 1797 and 1815

Name	Home State	First Term In Congress-Age	#Years House	#Years Senate	Political Parties	Other High Offices (Elected/Appointed)	Foreign Assignments	Candidate For Prez/VP
Thomas Pinckney	SC	1797 Hse – 47	4	0	Federalist	Gov SC ’87-89, loses VP ‘00	Min UK ’92-6	1796
Thomas Sumter	SC	1797 Hse – 62	4	9	DR	None	None	Never
1798 Quasi-War/Fra
John Randolph/Roan	Va	1799 Hse – 25	25	2	DR	None	Min Russ 1830	Never
John Armstrong Jr	NY	1800 Sen – 41	0	4	DR	Sec War ’13-14	Min Fra ’04-10	Never
Gouverneur Morris		1800 Sen – 48	0	3	Federalist	None	Min Fra ’92-94	Never
DeWitt Clinton	NY	1802 Sen – 33	0	2	DR	Mayor NYC, Gov NY ’25-28	None	1,812
John Quincy Adams	MA	1803 Sen – 35	15	5	Fed/DR/NR/Wh	SecState’17-25, Prez ’25-29	Min 4 cts’94-17	1824, 1828
Henry Clay	Ky	1806 Sen — 29	10	18	DR/NR/Whig	Sec State ’25-29	None	1824,32,44
William Crawford	Ga	1807 Sen – 35	0	6	DR/Dem	Sec War ’15-16, SecTreasury ’16-25	Min Fran ’13-15	1824
Richard M. Johnson	Ky	1807 Hse – 26	20	10	DR/Dem	VP ’37-41 (VB)	None	Never
William Bibb	Ga	1807 Hse – 25	6	3	DR	1st Gov Ala ’19-20	None	Never
Jesse Thomas	IL	1808 Hse – 31	1	11	DR	None	None	Never
John Calhoun	SC	1811 Hse – 32	6	16	DR/Nul/Dem	Sec War ’17-25 VP ’25-‘32	None	1824, 28
William Lowdnes	SC	1811 Hse – 29	11	0	DR	None	None	Never
Felix Grundy	TN	1811 Hse – 33	3	11	DR/Dem	AG ’38-39	None	Never
William R. King	Ala	1811 Hse – 24	5	29	DR/Dem	Vice-President 1853	Min Fran ’44-46	Never
War of 1812
Daniel Webster	Ma	1813 Hse – 31	8	19	Fed/NR/Whig	Sec State ’41-43/’50-52	None	1836, 1852
John McLean	OH	1813 Hse – 27	3	0	DR/Dem/W/FS/R	Postmt ’23/9, SCOTUS29/61	None	Never
Philip Barbour	Va	1814 Hse – 30	14	0	DR/Dem	Assoc Justice USSC	None	Never
James Barbour	Va	1815 Sen – 40	0	10	DR/NR/Whig	Gv Va ’12-14, SecWar25-28	Min UK ’28-29	Never
John Sergeant	Pa	1815 Hse – 36	14	0	Fed/NR/Whig	None	None	1832

Congressmen: 1817-1827

Roll Call of Leaders Entering Congress Between 1817 and 1827

Name	Home State	First Term In Congress-Age	#Years House	#Years Senate	Political Parties	Other High Offices (Elected/Appointed)	Foreign Assignments	Candidate For Prez/VP	Final Position In Congress Prewar	Death- Age
John J Crittenden	Ky	1817 Sen – 29	2	21	DR/NR/Wh/A/U	At Gen ’41, 51-53, Gv 48-50	None	Never	House – 1861-63	1863 (79)
John Floyd	Va	1817 Hse – 33	12	0	DR/Nul/Dem	Gov Va ’30-34	None	1832	House – 1817-29	1837 (54)
James Tallmadge Jr.	NY	1817 Hse – 39	2	0	DR	Lt Gov NY ’25-26	None	Never	House – 1817-19	1853 (75)
1819-22 Recession
1819 Tallmadge Amendment
1820 Missouri Compromise
Thomas Hart Benton	MO	1821 Sen – 39	2	30	DR/Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1821-51	1858 (76)
Andrew Stevenson	Va	1821 Hse – 37	13	0	Dem	None	Min UK ’36-41	Never	House – 1821-34	1857 (73)
George McDuffie	SC	1821 Hse – 30	13	4	Null/Dem	Gov SC ’34-36	None	Never	Senate – 1842-46	1851 (60)
Daniel Rodney	Del	1822 Hse – 57	1	1	Fed	Gov Del ’14-17	None	Never	Senate – 1826-27	1846 (81)
Willie P. Mangum	NC	1823 Hse – 30	3	18	Dem/Whig/Amer	None	None	1836	Senate – 1840-53	1861 (69)
Robert Hayne	SC	1823 Sen – 31	0	9	Dem	Gov SC ’32-34	None	Never	Senate – 1823-32	1839 (47)
William Cabell Rives	Va	1823 Hse – 29	6	9	Dem/Whig/CU	None	Min Fran ’49-53	Never	Senate – 1841-45	1868 (74)
Sam Houston	Tex	1823 Hse – 30	4	13	DR/Dem/A/Ind	Gov TN ’27-29, Prez Rp Tex 41-44, Gov Tx ’59-61	None	Never	Senate – 1846-59	1863 (70)
Samuel Vinton	OH	1823 Hse – 30	22	0	Anti J/Whig	None	None	Never	House – 1843-51	1862 (69)
Elisha Whittlesey	OH	1823 Hou –37	15	0	DR/Whig	None	None	Never	House – 1823-38	79 ’83-63
John Berrien	Ga	1825 Sen – 43	0	15	Dem/Whig	Atty General ’29-31	None	Never	Senate – 1845-52	1856 (74)
Hugh White	TN	1825 Sen – 51	0	15	DR/Dem/Whig	None	None	1836	Senate – 1825-40	1840 (66)
Edward Everett	Ma	1825 Hse – 31	10	2	NR/Whig/CU	Sec State ’52-53, Gov’36-40	Min UK ’41-45	Never	Senate – 1853-54	1865 (70)
Ralph Ingersoll	Conn	1825 Hou –36	8	0	Anti-Jackson	Minister to Russia ’46-48	Russia	Never	House – 1825-33	83 ’89-72
John Bell	TN	1827 Hse – 31	14	12	DR/Whig/A/CU	Sec War ‘41	None	1860	Senate – 1847-59	1869 (73)
Silas Wright	NY	1827 Hse – 31	2	11	Dem	Gov NY ’45-46	None	Never	Senate – 1833-44	1847 (52)
Edward Bates	MO	1827 Hse – 33	2	0	DR/NR/Wh/A/Rp	US Atty Gen ’61-64	None	Never	House – 1833-35	1869 (75)

Some Additional Facts About The Congressional Leaders 1817 and 1827

Name	Height/ Build	Born 🡪 Settle	Birth Order	Occupation Of Father	Formal Education	Religion	Occupation	Own Slaves	Marriage	# Child- # Die	Miscellaneous
John J Crittenden	Tall/slim	Ky	2nd / 9	Rev War/Politic	Wm &Mary	Unknown	Law/Mil/Pol	44->10	Three	9	Whig fdr w Clay, Cong giant, Unionist
John Floyd	Average	Va	3rd of 3	Surveyor	U Penn	Catholic	MD/Mil	100	Once	12-?	1812 War, John B son
James Tallmadge	Average	NY	?	Military	Brown	Unknown	Law	None	Once	6-1	1812 War, 1820 MO
1820 MO Comp
Thomas Benton	Large	NC🡪MO	1st of 8	Lawyer/planter	UNC	Unknown	Lawyer	Yes	Once	4-0	Duels, Hard money Bullion, Jesse
AndrewStevenson	Average	Va	5th/10	Clergyman/Pltr	Wm&Mary	Unknown	Lawyer/Pol	Yes	Three	7-0	4 times Spkr of House
George McDuffie	Slight	Ga🡪SC	?	Poor farmer	SC	Unknown	Lawyer/Pol	175	Once	?	Duels, Fire-eater
Daniel Rodney	Slight	Del	1st of 3	Sheriff/judge	Little	Episcopal	Sea/Mer/Pol	??	Once	2-0
Willie P Mangum	Average	NC	?	Planter	UNC	Unknown	Law/Politics	20	Once	5-1	Son KIA in CW CSA
Robert Hayne	Ave	SC	1st of 2	Lawyer/politics	Tutors	Unknown	Law/Mil/Pol	187	Twice	1-1	Capt -War of 1812, Webster debate
William C. Rives	Average	Va	2nd / 5	Physician	Wm&Mary	Unknown	Law/Pol	39	Once	5-0	TJ, Pro-Union, tho in CSA Congress
Sam Houston	Average	Va/TN/Tx	2nd / 3	Mil/farmer	Little	Unknown	Military/Pol	12	Three	8-0	1812/Tex Wars/duel/loyal to Union
Samuel Vinton	Slight	Mass🡪OH	2nd /3	Unknown	Williams	Unknown	Law/Pol/RR	None	Once	2-1
Elisha Whittlesey	Average	Conn🡪OH	7th of 7	??	High school	Unknown	Law/edu/mil/pol	None	Once	10-4	War of 1812, Whig founder, Col Society
John Berrien	Average	NJ🡪Ga	1st of 5	Military	Princeton	Unknown	Law/Politics	143	Twice	8-2	War of 1812
Hugh White	Slight	NC🡪TN	2nd/8	Military	Little	Presby	Mil/Law/Jdg/Pol	Yes	Once	8-1	Pro then anti-Jackson
Edward Everett	Slim	MA	4th of 8	Cong. Minister	Harvard	Unitarian	Educator	None	Once	6-0	Prez Harvard, orator, Getty Add
Ralph Ingersoll	Average	Conn	1st of 2	Judge	Yale	Unknown	Law/politics	None	Twice	7-2	Politician, diplomat, mayor New Haven

John Bell	Average	TN	? of 9	Blacksmith	Cumberland	Unknown	Law/Politician	Many	Twice	5-0	Loyal to Union despite South
Silas Wright	Large	Ma🡪NY	5th of 9	Tanner/Shoemkr	Middlebury	Unknown	Law/Political	None	Once	None	Barn Burner/MVB/Regency/Militia
Edward Bates	Large	Va🡪MO	3rd of 3	Planter	Mility Acad	Unknown	Law/Politics	Yes/Free	Once	17-9	1812 War, MO power

Photo Gallery of Congressmen (1817-1827)

Edward Bates Missouri – Dem Rep (1793-1869)

Thomas Hart Benton Missouri – Dem Rep (1782-1858)

John Bell Tennessee – Dem Rep (1796-1869)

Henry Clay Kentucky – National Rep (1777-1852)

John J. Crittenden Kentucky – National Rep (1783-1863)

Edward Everett Massachusetts – National Rep (1794-1865)

Samuel Houston Texas – Dem-Rep (1793-1863)

Ralph Ingersoll Conn. – Anti-Jackson (1789- 1872)

George McDuffie South Carolina – Dem-Rep (1790-1851)

Elisha Whittlesey Ohio – Dem-Rep

Congressional Leaders: 1829 – 1841

Roll Call of Leaders Entering Congress Between 1829 and 1841

Name	Home State	First Term In Congress-Age	#Years House	#Years Senate	Political Parties	Other High Offices (Elected/Appointed)	Foreign Assignments	Candidate For Prez/VP	Final Position In Congress Prewar	Death- Age
1828 Tariff of Abominations
Theo Frelinghuysen	NJ	1829 Sen – 41	0	6	DR/NR/Whig	Prez NYU & Rutgers	None	Never	Senate – 1829-35	1862 (75)
1830 Hayne-Webster on Value of Union
1831 Abolitionist Paper- The Liberator
Thomas Ewing	OH	1831 Sen – 42	0	8	NR/Whig	Sec Trea ’41, Interior ’49-50	None	Never	Senate – 1850-51	1871 (81)
John Quincy Adams	MA	1831 Hse – 63	15	5	Fed/DR/NR/Wh	SecState’17-25, Prez ’25-29	Min 4 cts’94-17	1824,	House – 1831-48	1848 (80)
Rufus Choate	MA	1831 Hse – 31	3	4	Whig	None	None	Never	Senate – 1841-45	1859 (59)
Thomas Corwin	Ohio	1831 Hse – 36	11	5	Whig/Rep	Gov O ’40-42, Sec Tr ’50-53	Min Mex ’61-64	Never	House – 1859-61	1865 (71)
George Dallas	Pa	1831 Sen – 38	0	2	Dem	VP – ’45-49 (Polk)	Min Russia ’37-9/UK ’56-61	Never	House – 1831-33	1864 (72)
William Marcy	NY	1831 Sen — 44	0	2	DR, Democrat	Gov-NY ’33-38, Sec War/State	None	1852	Senate – 1831-33	70 ’86-57
William Wilkins	Pa	1831 Sen — 31	2	3	Democrat	Russia ’34-35, Sec War ’44-45	Russia	Never	House – 1843-44	85 ’79-65
1831 Indian Removal Begins
1832 Nullification Crisis over Tariffs
1833 American Anti-Slavery Society
William C. Preston	SC	1833 Sen – 38	0	9	Null/Whig	Prez – SC College	None	Never	Senate – 1833-42	1860 (65)
Francis Pickens	SC	1834 Hse – 28	9	0	Nul/Dem	Gov SC ’60-62	Min Russ 58-60	Never	House – 1834-43	1869 (64)
James Hammond	SC	1835 Hse – 27	1	4	Nul/Dem	Gov SC ’42-44	None	Never	Senate – 1857-60	1864 (56)
James Pearce	MD	1835 Hse – 29	6	19	Whig/Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1843-62	1862 (57)
John Jones	Va	1835 Hse –43	10	0	DR/Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1835-45	1848 (56)
Caleb Cushing	MA	1835 Hse – 35	8	0	DR/NR/Wh/Dem	US Atty Gen ’53-57	Min China ‘44	Never	House – 1835-43	1879 (78)
Isaac Toucey	Conn	1835 Hse – 42	4	5	Dem	Gov C, ’46-7, US AG ’48-9, Sec Navy ’57-61	None	Never	Senate – 1852-57	1869 (76)
Linn Boyd	Ky	1835 Hse –34	18	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1839-55	1859 (59)
John Davis	Ind	1835 Hse – 34	8	0	Dem	Gov OR ’53-54	Min Chi ‘48/50	Never	House – 1835-43	1859 (60)
William Fulton	ARK	1836 Sen – 40	0	8	Dem	Gov Ark Terr ’35-6	None	Never	Senate – 1836-44	1844 (49)
1836 1st Whig Party Presidential Run
1836 Republic of Texas Established
1837 Bank Panic and Recession
Robert B. Rhett	SC	1837 Hse – 36	12	2	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1850-52	1876 (75)
Robert MT Hunter	Va	1837 Hse – 27	8	14	Whig/Dem	Refuses Sec State by Buck	None	Never	Senate – 1847-61	1887 (78)
Edward Stanly	NC	1837 Hse – 27	10	0	Whig/Rep	None	None	Never	House – 1849-53	1872 (62)
Alexandre Mouton	La	1837 Sen – 33	0	5	Dem	Gov La ’33-6	None	Never	Senate – 1837-42	1885 (80)
James Mason	Va	1837 Hse – 38	2	14	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1847-61	1871 (72)
Johnathan Cilley	Maine	1837 Hse – 34	1	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1837-38	1838 (35)
Joshua Giddings	Ohio	1838 Hse – 42	21	0	DR/Wh/FS/Rep	None	None	Never	House – 1838-59	1864 (69)
John Minor Botts	Va	1839 Hse – 36	6	0	Whig/Con U	None	None	Never	House – 1847-49	1869 (66)
William Wick	Ind	1839 Hse – 42	6	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1845-49	1868 (72)
Albert Brown	Miss	1839 Hse — 25	8	7	Dem	Gov Miss ’44-48	None	Never	Senate – 1854-61	1880 (67)

Some Additional Facts About These Congressional Leaders 1829 and 1841

Name	Height/ Build	Born 🡪 Settle	Birth Order	Occupation Of Father	Formal Education	Religion	Occupation	Own Slaves	Marriage	# Child- # Die	Miscellaneous
T. Frelinghuysen	Average	NJ	3rd of 6	Military/senate	Princeton	DutchRef	Law/Politics	None	Twice	None	1812, opp Ind Remove’Christian Stman’
1830 Hayne-Web
Thomas Ewing	Large	OH	?	Military	Ohio U	Catholic	Law/Politics	None	Once	6-5	Sec Treasury + Interior as Whig
John Q Adams	Slight	MA	2nd /6	US President	Harvard	Congreg	Diplom/Pol	None	Once	5-2	Leading abolitionist in Congress
Rufus Choate	Gaunt	MA	?	Mil/Teacher	Dartmouth	Unknown	Law/Orator	None	Once	7-3	Whig supports Buchanan vs. Reps
Thomas Corwin	Large	Ohio	4th of 6	Politics	Self-taught	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Once	5-0	War of 1812, tries to prevent war
George Dallas	Tall	Pa	3rd of 5	Sec Treasury	Princeton	Quaker	Law/Dip/Pol	None	Once	8-1	Pa rival of Buch, tariff lower, man destiny
William Marcy	Large	Mass🡪NY	?	Farmer	Brown	Unknown	Law/politics	None	Twice	3-0	Mex War, “Doughface,”
William Wilkins	Average	Pa	3rd of 3	Military	Dickinson	Unknown	Law/mfr/pol/jdg	None	Twice	6-1	“Family Party” in Pa, Princeton explosion
1832 Nullificatn
Wm. C. Preston	Heavy	Pa🡪SC	1st of 9	Businessman	SC	Unknown	Law/Pol	Yes#?	Once	2-0	Calhoun foe
Francis Pickens	Large	SC	1st of 2	Gov of SC	SC	Unknown	Plt/Law/Pol	276	Three	7-2	Ft Sumter role
James Hammond	Average	SC	1st of 2	Modest $	SC	Unknown	Law/Pltr/Pol	300	Once	6-1	Marries $/Fire Eater/Pedophile
James Pearce	Large	Va.La>Md	?	Planter	Princeton	Unknown	Law/Pol	Yes#?	Twice	4-?	Pro-slavery and pro-Union, 1850 Comp
John Jones	Average	Va	?	Planter	Wm & Mary	Unknown	Law/Pol	Yes#?	Once	1-0	House Spkr
Caleb Cushing	Average	MA	1st/ 10	Shipbuilder	Harvard	Presbyter	Law/Politics	None	Once	None	Open China trade, Mex War, D’face
Isaac Toucey	Average	Conn	?	Unknown	Prep School	Unknown	Law/Pol	None	Once	None	Pierce point man, rival of Welles
Linn Boyd	Average	TN🡪Ky	?	County comish	Prep School	Unknown	Farm/Pol	None	Twice	4-0	Pro-Texas annex, 1850 Comp, Hs Spkr
John Davis	Large	Pa🡪Ind	?	Unknown	Balt MD Sch	Unknown	MD/Jdg/Pol	None	Once	7-3	House Spkr, China, Oregon Gov
William Fulton	Average	MD/Al/Ar	1st of 4	Tanner/judge	Bowdoin	Unknown	Mil/Law/Pol	??	Once	8-4	War of 1812 with Jackson
1837 Bank Panic
Robert B. Rhett	Average	SC	?	Wealthy	Beaufort	Unknown	Law/Pub/Pol	185	Twice	14-5	Char Mercury/Fire E
Robert Hunter	Large	Va	7th of 8	Planter	UVA	Unknown	Pltr/Law/Pol	120	Once	8-1	CSA Sec of State
Edward Stanly	Average	NC	4th of 6	Law/US Cong.	Norwich U	Episcopal	Law/Politics	Yes#?	Twice	None	Pro-Union, duels, stays loyal
Alex Mouton	Average	La	10th/12	Planter	Georgetown	Unknown	Law/Politics/Biz	256	Twice	19-8	Pro-secession, son a BG-CSA
James Mason	Average	DC🡪Va	2nd/6	Merchant/Plantr	Penn/W&M	Unknown	Law/Politics	Yes#?	Once	8-0	Calhoun speech,Trent, Fug Sl Act
Jonathan Cilley	Average	NH🡪Mai	6th /7	Military	Bowdoin	Unknown	Law/Paper/Pol	None	Once	5-2	Killed in duel w Cong Wm Graves (Ky)
Joshua Giddings	Large	Ohio	5th of 5	Farmer	None	Unknown	Law/Land/Pol	None	Once	6-3	War of 1812, abolitionist,Wade law
John Minor Botts	Large	Va	3rd of 4	Lawyer	Prep School	Unknown	Law/Pol/Pltr	Yes#?	Once	7-2	Confers with AL on Ft. Sumter
William Wick	“Portly”	Pa🡪Ind	?	Minister	Prep School	Presby	Law/Pol/Jdg	No	Once	1-0	“Colonization” backer, Wilmot proposal
Albert Brown	Average	SC🡪Miss	2nd /3	Planter/Just of P	Some college	Unknown	Law/Politics	23	Twice	1-0	Father of U Miss, slavery a positive

Photo Gallery of Congressmen (1829-1841)

John Quincy Adams Massachusetts – Whig (1767-1848)

John Minor Botts Virginia – Whig (1802-1869)

Albert Brown Mississippi – Democrat (1813-1880)

John C. Calhoun South Carolina – Nullifier (1782-1850)

Rufus Choate Massachusetts – Whig (1799-1859)

Thomas Corwin Ohio – Whig (1794-1865)

Caleb Cushing Massachusetts – Whig (1800-1879)

George Dallas Pennsylvania – Democrat (1792-1864)

Theodore Frelinghuysen New Jersey – Whig (1787-1862)

Joshua Giddings Ohio – Whig (1795-1864)

Robert M. T. Hunter Virginia – Whig (1809-1887)

William Marcy New York – Democrat (1786-1857)

John Slidell Louisiana – Democrat (1793-1871)

William C. Preston South Carolina – Nullifier (1794-1860)

Francis Pickens South Carolina – Nullifier (1805-1869)

Edward Stanly North Carolina – Whig (1810-1872)

Isaac Toucey Connecticut – Democrat (1792-1869)

William Henry Seward New York – Whig (1801-1872)

Daniel Webster Massachusetts – Whig (1782-1852)

William Wilkins Indiana – Democrat (1796-1868)

Congressmen: 1841-1851

Roll Call of Congressional Leaders Entering Congress Between 1841 and 1851

Name	Home State	First Term In Congress-Age	#Years House	#Years Senate	Political Parties	Other High Offices (Elected/Appointed)	Foreign Assignments	Candidate For Prez/VP	Final Position In Congress Prewar	Death- Age
Robert Winthrop	MA	1840 Hse – 30	10	1	Whig/Indep	None	None	1852VP	Senate – 1850-51	1894 (85)
William A. Graham	NC	1840 Sen — 35	0	5	Whig/CU	Gov NC ’45-9NavySec ’50-2	None	Never	Senate – 184-43	1875 (70)
Henry Lane	Ind	1840 Hou — 29	3	6	Whig/KN/Rep	Gov – Ind ‘61	None	Never	Senate – 1861-67	70 ’11-81
1841 1st Election of a Whig President
William Fessenden	Maine	1841 Hse – 34	2	15	Whig/Rep	Sec Treasury ’64-65	None	Never	Senate – 1854-69	1869 (62)
David Yulee	Fla	1841 Hse – 30	4	12	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1855-61	1886 (76)
Richard Thompson	Ind	1841 Hou –31	4	0	Whig/KN/CU/Rep	Sec of Navy ’77-80	None	Never	House – 1847-49	90 ’09-00
Fernando Wood	NY	1841 Hou –28	18	0	Democrat	Mayor NYC ’55-58, ’60-62	None	Never	House – 1841-43	68 ’12-81
Tom Marshall	Ky	1841 Hou –40	2	0	Whig	None	None	Never	House – 1841-43	63 ’01-64
1842 Prigg vs. Pa on Fugitive Slave Laws
William Dayton	NJ	1842 Sen – 35	0	9	Whig/Rep	None	Min Fran ’61-4	Never	Senate – 1842-51	1864 (57)
Stephen Douglas	IL	1843 Hse – 29	4	14	Dem	None	None	1852,56,60	Senate – 1847-61	1861 (48)
Howell Cobb	Ga	1843 Hse – 27	10	0	Dem	Gov Ga ’51-53, Treas ’57-60	None	Never	House – 1843-51	1868 (53)
Alex Stephens	Ga	1843 Hse – 31	10	0	Whig/U/CU/Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1843-53	1883 (71)
David Atchison	MO	1843 Sen – 36	0	12	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1843-55	1886 (78)
John Slidell	La	1843 Hse – 50	2	8	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1853-61	1871 (78)
Andrew Johnson	TN	1843 Hse — 34	10	6	Dem	Gov TN ’53-57	None	1865	Senate – 1857-62	1875 (66)
John P. Hale	NH	1843 Hse – 36	2	17	Dem/Lib/FS/Rep	Min Spain ’65-69	None	Never	Senate – 1855-65	1883 (67)
Preston King	NY	1843 Hse – 36	8	6	Dem/FS/Rep	None	None	Never	Senate – 1857-63	1865 (59)
Hannibal Hamlin	Maine	1843 Hse – 33	4	25	Dem/Rep	Gov Maine ’57, VP ’60-64	None	Never	Senate – 1848-61	1891 (89)
Jacob Collamer	Vt	1843 Hse – 52	6	10	Whig/Rep	Postmaster Gen ’49-50	None	Never	Senate – 1855-65	1865 (74)
Hamilton Fish	NY	1843 Hse – 34	2	6	Whig/Rep	Gv NY’49-50, SecStat’69-77	None	Never	Senate – 1851-57	1893 (85)
John McClernand	IL	1843 Hse – 30	10	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1859-61	1900 (88)
Jacob Brinkerhoff	OH	1843 Hse – 32	4	0	Dem/FS/Rep	None	None	Never	House – 1843-47	18180 (69)
Caleb Smith	Ind	1843 Hou –34	6	0	Whig/Republican	Sec of Interior ’61-63	None	Never	House – 1843-49	55 ’08-64
Thomas Clingman	NC	1843 Hou –31	13	3	Whig/Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1858-61	85 ’12-97
Daniel Dickinson	NY	1844 Sen – 43	0	7	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1844-51	1866 (65)
William Yancey	Ala	1844 Hse – 30	2	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1844-46	1863 (48)
1845 Annexation of Texas as 28th State
David Wilmot	Pa	1845 Hse – 31	6	2	Dem/FS/Rep	None	None	Never	Senate – 1861-63	1868 (54)
Robert Toombs	Ga	1845 Hse – 34	8	8	Whig/ConU/Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1853-61	1885 (75)
Jefferson Davis	Miss	1845 Hse – 36	1	8	Dem	Sec War ’53-57, Prez CSA	None	Never	Senate – 1857-61	1889 (81)
Henry Hilliard	Ala	1845 Hse – 37	6	0	Whig/Am/Dem	None	Min Belg ‘42	Never	House – 1845-51	1881 (73)
Reverdy Johnson	Md	1845 Sen – 48	0	9	Whig/Dem	US Atty Gen ’49-50	Min UK ’68-69	Never	Senate – 1863-68	1876 (79)
John Dix	NY	1845 Sen – 46	0	4	Dem	SecTreas ’61, Gov NY ’73-4	Min Fran ’66-69	Never	Senate – 1845-49	1879 (80)
Simon Cameron	Pa	1845 Sen – 45	0	18	Dem/Amer/Rep	Sec War ’61-62	Min Russ ‘62	Never	Senate – 1857-61	1889 (90)
James Seddon	Va	1845 Hse – 29	4	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1849-51	1880 (65)
Sterling Price	MO	1845 Hou –35	2	0	Democrat	Gov – MO ’53-57	None	Never	House – 1845-47	58 ’09-67
1846-7 Mexican War
1846 Wilmot Proviso
Andrew Butler	SC	1846 Sen – 50	0	11	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1846-57	1857 (61)
Abraham Lincoln	IL	1847 Hse – 38	2	0	Whig/Rep	None	None	1860, 64	House – 1847-49	1865 (56)
Henry Foote	Miss	1847 Sen – 43	0	5	Dem/Amer	Gov Miss ’52-54	None	Never	Senate – 1847-52	1880 (76)
William B. Preston	Va	1847 Hse – 41	2	0	Whig	Sec Navy ’49-50	None	Never	House – 1847-49	1862 (56)
Roger Baldwin	Conn	1847 Sen – 54	0	4	Fed/Whig/Rep	Gov Conn ’42-44	None	Never	Senate – 1847-51	1863 (70)
Wm A Richardson	IL	1847 Hse – 35	11	2	Dem	Gov Neb 1858	None	Never	House – 1847-56	1875 (64)
Thomas Bocock	Va	1847 Hse – 31	14	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1847-61	1891 (76)
Robert Johnson	Ark	1847 Hse –32	6	8	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1853-61	1879 (65)
Henry Grider	Ky	1847 Hou –50	10	0	Whig/Democrat	None	None	Never	House – 1861-63	70 ’96-66
Charles Morehead	Ky	1847 Hou –44	4	0	Whig/KN	Gov – Ky ’55-59	None	Never	House – 1847-51	66 ’02-68
Hershel Johnson	Ga	1848 Sen – 35	0	3	Dem	Gov Georgia ’53-7	None	Never	Senate – 1848-49	1880 (67)
George Jones	Iowa	1848 Sen – 44	4	11	Dem	None	Min Bogata ‘59	Never	Senate – 1848-59	1896 (92)
Benj Fitzpatrick	Ala	1848 Sen – 45	0	10	Dem	Gov Ala ’41-45	None	Never	Senate – 1853-61	1869 (67)
1848 Mexican Cession of SW Lands
1849 California Gold Rush Begins
Lewis Cass	MI	1849 Sen – 66	0	8	Dem	Gov ’13-31, Sec War ’31-36, Sec State ’57-60	Min Fran 36-42	1844, 1848	Senate – 1849-57	1866 (83)
Humphrey Marshall	Ky	1849 Hse – 37	7	0	Whig/Amer/Dem	None	Min China’53-4	Never	House – 1855-59	1872 (60)
James Shields	IL	1849 Sen – 42	0	8	Dem	Senator from 3 states	None	Never	Senate – 1858-59	1879 (73)
Henry Seward	NY	1849 Sen – 48	0	12	AntiM/Wh/Rep	Gov NY ’39-42, SecSt ’61-9	None	Never	Senate – 1849-61	1872 (71)
Salmon Chase	Ohio	1849 Sen – 41	0	7	Whig/Liberty/FS/ Rep	Gov O ’56-60, Sec Treasury ’61-3, Justice Sup Court	None	Never	Senate – 1861	1873 (65)
Thaddeus Stevens	Pa	1849 Hse – 56	15	0	AntiM/Wh/A/Rep	None	None	Never	House – 1859-68	1868 (76)
James L. Orr	SC	1849 Hse – 26	10	0	Dem/Rep postwar	Gov SC ’65-68	Min Russ ’72-3	Never	House – 1849-59	1873 (50)
George Julien	Ind	1849 Hse – 31	12	0	Whig/FS/Rep	None	None	1852 VP/FS	House – 1849-51	1899 (82)
James Brooks	NY	1849 Hou –41	4	0	Whig/Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1849-53	65 ’07-73
1850 5 Slave States Meet in Nashville
1850 Compromise & Fugitive Slave Act
1850 The Georgia Platform
John C. Fremont	Ca	1850 Sen – 37	2	0	Dem/Rep	None	None	1856	Senate – 1850-51	1890 (77)
Benjamin Wade	OH	1851 Sen – 50	0	18	Whig/Rep	None	None	Never	Senate – 1851-69	1878 (77)
Charles Sumner	MA	1851 Sen – 40	0	23	Whig/FS/Rep	None	None	Never	Senate – 1851-74	1874 (63)
Israel Washburn Jr	Maine	1851 Hse – 37	10	0	Whig/Rep	Gov Maine ’61-63	None	Never	House – 1851-61	1883 (69)
Richard Yates	IL	1851 Hse – 31	4	6	Whig/Rep	Gov IL ’61-65	None	Never	House – 1851-55	1873 (58)
Galusha Grow	Pa	1851 Hse – 27	21	0	Dem/Rep	None	None	Never	House – 1851-63	1907 (83)
John Breckinridge	Ky	1851 Hse – 30	4	1	Dem	Vice-President ’57-61	None	1860	Senate – 1861	1875 (54)
William Aiken Jr	SC	1851 Hse – 45	6	0	Dem	Gov SC ’44-46	None	Never	House – 1851-57	1887 (81)
Joseph Lane	OR	1851 Hse – 50	8	2	Dem	Gov OR Terr ’49-50	None	Never	Senate – 1859-61	1881 (79)
1851 Boston help to run-away slaves
1851 1st six chapters Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Some Additional Facts About The Congressional Leaders 1841 and 1851

Name	Height/ Build	Born 🡪 Settle	Birth Order	Occupation Of Father	Formal Education	Religion	Occupation	Own Slaves	Marriage	# Child- # Die	Miscellaneous
Robert Winthrop	Tall/slim	MA	1st/13	Lt Gov MA	Harvard	Congreg	Law/Pol/Philn	None	Three	3-1	Dan W student, Spkr ’47-9
William Graham	Average	NC	10th/11	Mil/Ironworks	UNC	Unknown	Law/Politics	“some”	Once	10-2	VP try ’52, CSA Sen
Henry Lane	Average	Ky🡪 Ind	?	??	Tutors	Unknown	Law/politics	None	Twice	?	Anti-slavery, Mex War, Rep Party founder
1841 Whig Win
Wm. Fessenden	Slight	Maine	1st of 3	Law/Politics	Bowdoin	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Once	4-1	Abolitionist, 3 CW sons
David Yulee	Large	St Th/Fla	4th of 4	Lumber tycoon	Private Coll	Jewish	Pltr/Law/Pol	1,000	Once	4-0	Florida Railroads, 2nd Sem War

Richard Thompson	Average	Va🡪Ind	3rd of 7	??	Little	Unknown	Educ/law/pol	None	Twice	6-1	Helps form Con Union Party, pro-AL
Fernando Wood	Average	NY	3rd of 7	Tobacconist	Little	Unknown	Business/pol	None	3 Times	16-?	Tammany Hall, for NYC secede, opp 13th
Tom Marshall	Ky	1841 Hou — 40	2	0	Whig	None	None	Never	House – 1841-43	63 ’01-64
William Dayton	Average	NJ	?	Mechanic	Princeton	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Once	2-1	1856 VP w Fremont
Stephen Douglas	5’4”/stout	Vt🡪IL	2nd /2	Doctor	High School	Catholic	Law/Pol/Pltr	100	Twice	3-1	Dominates Cong, 50 Com, 54 K-N
Howell Cobb	“Fat man”	Ga	1st / 8	Planter	U Georgia	Unknown	Law/Politics	30	Once	12-3	MG-CSA Army
Alex Stephens	Tiny	Ga	2nd /7	Poor farmer	U Georgia	Unknown	Law/Politics	34	No	None	Friend of Lincoln
David Atchison	Average	Ky🡪MO	1st of 6	Planter	Transylvania	Unknown	Law/Politics	“many”	No	None	Jos Smith atty, leads Kansas ruffians, CW
John Slidell	Average	NY🡪La	1st of 2	Merchant	Columbia	Unknown	Mer/Law/Pol	Yes#?	Once	3-0	Fire E, Trent Affair
Andrew Johnson	Average	NC🡪TN	2nd/2	Hostler/Porter	None	Unknown	Tailor/Politics	14	Once	5-0	So. Dem remains loyal to Union,VP,drunk
John P. Hale	Heavy	NH	?	Unknown	Bowdoin	Unknown	Law/Pol/Mil	None	Once	2-0	Leading abolitionist
Preston King	5’6”obese	NY	illegit	Unknown	Union	Unknown	Paper/Law/Pol	None	Never	Npne	Co-author Wilmot/Barnburner/suicide
Hannibal Hamlin	Large	Maine	6th of 7	Farmer	Colleg Prep	Unknown	Paper/Law/Pol	None	Twice	6-0	Abolition, Lincoln VP
Jacob Collamer	Average	NY🡪Vt	2nd/4	Town constable	Vermont	Unknown	Law/Pol/Jdge	No	Once	5-1	1812, anti-slavery, best sen lawyer
Hamilton Fish	Large	NY	3rd of 4	RevWar/politics	Columbia	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Once	8-0	Mod on slavery, famous Sec State
Jo. McClernand	Average	Ky🡪IL	1st of 1	Deceased	Self-taught	Unknown	Law/Paper/Pol	None	Twice	4-2	Douglas ally, opp abol, Union,CW
Jacb Brinkerhoff	Average	NY🡪OH	?	Unknown	Prep School	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Twice	9-5	Penned Wilmot Proviso, abolitionist

Caleb Smith	Average	Mass🡪Ind	?	??	Miami of OH	Unknown	Law/news/pol/jg	None	Once	?	Supports AL nomination, joins cabinet
Thomas Clingman	Average	NC	1st of 3	Merchant	No Carolina	Unknown	Law/pol/military	None	Never	None	Duel with Yancey, Brig General CSA
Daniel Dickinson	Average	Con🡪NY	?	Unknown	Prep School	Unknown	Trade/Law/Pol	None	Once	3-0	Hunker, pro-Breck ’60 backs AL
William Yancey	Average	Ga🡪Ala	2nd / 3	Lawyer/politics	Williams	Unknown	Paper/Plt/Pol	24	Once	7-1	Duels
1845 Texas Anex
David Wilmot	Slight	Pa	1st of 3	Merchant	Prep School	Unknown	Law/Pol/Judge	None	Once	3-0	“The Wilmot Proviso”
Robert Toombs	Heavy	Ga	5th of ?	Planter	Union/UVA	Unknown	Law/Politics	48	Once	3-1	BG-CSA Army
Jefferson Davis	Tall/slim	Ky🡪Miss	10th/10	Planter	West Point	Episcopal	Pltr/Mil/Polit	113	Twice	7-3	Col Mex War, Prez CSA
Henry Hilliard	Average	NC🡪Ala	?	Unknown	So Carolina	Unknown	Educ/Law/Pol	Yes#?	Twice	4-0	Opp secession & Yancey; CSA BG
Reverdy Johnson	Average	MD	1st of 3	Law/Politics	St. John’s	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Once	8-0	Opp slavery and pro-Union
George Jones	Large	Ind🡪Iowa	?	Mil/Jdg/Pol	Transylvania	Unknown	Miner/Ml/Law/P	7	Once	2-0	1812 War, 1st Iowa Sen, support KN/Lecp
Benj Fitzpatrick	Average	Ga🡪Ala	?	politics	Little	Unknown	Law/Pltr/Pol	106	Twice	6-4	Wife $$, Prez Pro-Tem
John Dix	Average	NH🡪NY	?	Unknown	Exeter Acad	Unknown	Mil/Law/Pol	None	Once	1-0	Barn B/MVB/Regency/BG Civil W
Simon Cameron	Average	Pa	3rd of 8	Unknown	None	Unknown	Paper/RR/Pol	None	Once	5-0	Pol czar of Pa
James Seddon	Average	Va	?	Planter	UVA	Unknown	Law/Pol	43	Once	8-2	CSA Sec of War ’62-65
1846 Mex War
Andrew Butler	Heavy	SC	5th of 8	Mil/Pol	So Carolina	Unknown	Law/Politics	64	Twice	1-0	Kan-Neb Act, Sumner mocks
Abraham Lincoln	6’4”	Ky🡪IL	2nd / 3	Poor farmer	1 year total	None	Biz/Law/Pol	None	Once	4-2	Honest Abe
Henry Foote	Short	Va🡪Miss	?	Unknown	Washington	Unknown	Law/Politics	Yes#?	Twice	6-0	4 duels, 1850 Comp, Pro-U
Wm. B. Preston	Average	Va	1st of 4	Planter	UVA	Unknown	Law/Pol	48	Once	3-0	Wm B cousin; tries to end slavery
Roger Baldwin	Average	Conn	3rd /7	Law/US Cong	Yale/Litchfld	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Once	2-0	Anti-slavery, Armistad win, reformer
Wm Richardson	Large	Ky🡪IL	?	Unknown	Transylvania	Unknown	Law/Mil/Pol	None	Once	5-0	Mex War, key Douglas ally
Thomas Bocock	Average	Va	6th/11	Farmer/lawyer	Hamp-Syd	Presby	Law/Pol	25	Twice	6-0	Praises caning, CSA Spkr, Jim Crow laws
Robert Johnson	Average	Ky🡪Ark	2nd /6	Planter/Judge	St. Joseph	Unknown	Law/Politics	193	Twice	6-3	Leading Ark family, later CSA Senator
Henry Grider	Average	Ky	4th of 4	Military	High School	Unknown	Law/politics	??	Once	3-1	War of 1812
Charles Morehead	Large	Ky	?	Politician	Translyvania	Unknown	Planter/law/pol	Many	Twice	5-0	Anti-immigrant, pro-neutrality
Hershel Johnson	Large	Ga	1st of 1	Unknown	Georgia	Baptist	Law/Politics	115	Once	None	Runs as VP w Douglas in 1860, CSA
Lewis Cass	Large	NH🡪MI	?	Military	Exeter Acd	Unknown	Mil/Politic	None	Once	7-2	BG-War of 1812, western man
Humph Marshall	Large	Ky	?	Politics/judge	West Point	Unknown	Mil/Law/Pol	4	Once	1-0	B-H, Mex & Civil Wars, moderate,duel
James Shields	5’9”	Ire>IL>MN	1st of 3	Unknown	High School	Catholic	Mil/Law/Pol	None	Once	4-2	AL duel, Mex War/CW, anti-slavery
Henry Seward	Slight	NY	1st of 1	Land/slaves	Union	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Once	6-1	Anti-slavery, AL right-hand
Salmon Chase	Large	Ohio	2nd / 2	Poor	Dartmouth	Episcopal	Law/Politics	None	Three	6-3	Abolitionist, Liberty/FS founder, AL cab
Thad Stevens	Average	Vt🡪Pa	2nd /4	Poor farmer	Dartmouth	Baptist	Teach/Law/Pl	None	No	None	Club ft,abol, black mist, Rad Rep
James L. Orr	Large	SC	3rd of 5	Merchant	UVA	Unknown	Paper/Law/Pol	Yes#?	Once	7-1	CSA, brief military time
George Julien	Average	Ind	4th of 5	Poor	High School	Q/Unitar.	Teach/Law/Pl	None	Twice	5-2	VP cand for FS in ’52, abolitionist
James Brooks	Average	Maine/NY	?	Navy/1812 dies	Colby	Unknown	Editor/politics	None	Once	1-0	Nine more years in House after Civil War
1850 Compromis
John C. Fremont	Average	Ga>SC>Ca	1st of 2	Teacher	Charleston	Unknown	Explor/Mil/Pol	None	Once	2-0	Pathfinder, Jesse,1st Rep Prez tix, MG-cw
Charles Sumner	6’4”/Lrg	MA	1st of 6	Lawyer/Pol	Harvard	Unitarian	Law/Politics	None	Once	None	Abolitionist, Kansas speech, caning,RadR
Israel Washburn	Average	Maine	1st/11	Gen store/ debts	High School	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Twice	4-0	K-N opp, org Rep in DC, ALsupport
Richard Yates	Average	Ky 🡪 IL	2nd /9	Farmer	Transylvania	Unknown	Law/Politic/RR	None	Once	4-2	Great CW gov, pro Emancip Proc
Galusha Grow	Tall/slim	Conn🡪Pa	6th of 7	Unknown	Amherst	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Never	None	K-N > party ch, Keitt brawl, Spkr, Hmsted
Jn Breckinridge	Average	Ky	4th of 6	Planter/Politics	Princeton	Unknown	Law/Mil/Pol	5	Once	6-1	Mexican/Civil War
William Aiken Jr	Large	SC	1st of 2	Railroads	SC	Unknown	Planter/Pol	700	Once	1-0	Jehossee Island rice
Joseph Lane	Average	NC/IN/OR	? of 9	Ironworks	Self-taught	Catholic	Biz/Mil/Pol	1?	Once	10-0	BG-Mex War, Czar OR, VP Cdate ‘60

Photo Gallery of Congressmen (1841-1853)

William Aiken, Jr South Carolina – Democrat (1806-1887)

Roger Baldwin Connecticut – Whig (1793-1863)

John Breckinridge Kentucky – Democrat (1821-1875)

James Brooks New York – Whig (1807-1873)

Simon Cameron Pennsylvania – Know Nothing (1799-1889)

Lewis Cass Michigan – Democrat (1782-1866)

Salmon P. Chase Ohio – Free Soil (1808-1873)

Henry Clay Kentucky – Whig (1777-1852)

Thomas Clingman North Carolina – Whig (1812-1897)

Howell Cobb Georgia – Democrat (1815-1868)

Jacob Collamer Vermont – Whig (1791-1865)

Jefferson Davis Mississippi – Democrat (1808-1889)

William Dayton New Jersey – Whig (1807-1864)

Daniel Dickinson New York – Democrat (1800-1866)

John Dix New York – Democrat (1798-1879)

Stephen Douglas Illinois – Democrat (1813-1861)

Reuben Fenton New York – Democrat (1819-1885)

William Fessenden Maine – Whig (1806-1869)

Hamilton Fish New York – Whig (1808-1893)

John C. Fremont California – Democrat (1813-1890)

Henry Foote Mississippi – Democrat (1804-1880)

Henry Grider Kentucky – Whig (1796-1866)

Galusha Grow Pennsylvania – Democrat (1823-1907)

Hannibal Hamlin

Robert M. T. Hunter

Albert Jenkins

Andrew Johnson

Herschel V. Johnson

Reverdy Johnson

John Hale

Preston King

Henry Lane

Joseph Lane

Abraham Lincoln

John McClernand

Humphrey Marshall

Thomas Marshall

Charles Morehead

William Henry Seward

James Shields

Caleb Smith

Alexander Stephens

Thaddeus Stevens

John Slidell

Charles Sumner

Richard Thompson

Robert Toombs

Benjamin Wade

David Wilmot

Robert Winthrop

Fernando Wood

William Yancey

Richard Yates

David Yulee

Congressmen: 1853-1857

Roll Call of Congressional Leaders Entering Between 1853 and 1857

Name	Home State	First Term In Congress-Age	#Years House	#Years Senate	Political Parties	Other High Offices (Elected/Appointed)	Foreign Assignments	Candidate For Prez/VP	Final Position In Congress Prewar	Death- Age
1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin Published
Preston Brooks	SC	1853 Hse – 33	4	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1853-57	1857 (38)
Laurence Keitt	SC	1853 Hse – 30	7	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1856-60	1864 (39)
William Barksdale	Miss	1853 Hse – 31	8	0	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1853-61	1863 (41)
James H. Lane	IN/Ka	1853 Hse – 39	2	5	Dem/FS/Rep	Lt Gov Indiana ’49-53	None	Never	Senate – 1861-66	1866 (52)
Judah Benjamin	La	1853 Sen – 41	0	8	Whig/Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1853-61	1884 (72)
Nathaniel Banks	MA	1853 Hse – 37	18	0	Dem/Amer/Rep	Gov MA ’58-61	None	Never	House – 1853-57	1894 (78)
Elihu Washburn	IL	1853 Hse – 36	16	0	Whig/Rep	Sec State 1869	Min Fra ’69-77	Never	House – 1853-69	1887 (71)
James McDougall	Ca	1853 Hse – 35	2	6	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1861-67	1867 (49)
William English	Ind	1853 Hse – 29	8	0	Dem	None	None	Never	House – 1854-61	1896 (73)
Clement Clay	Ala	1853 Sen – 36	0	8	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1853-61	1882 (65)
Reuben Fenton	NY	1853 Hou –33	9	6	Democrat/Repub	Gov – NY ’65-68	None	Never	House – 1857-64	66 ’19-85
Boss Tweed	NY	1853 Hou –29	2	0	Democrat	None	None	Never	House – 1853-55	55 ’23-78
1854 Kansas-Neb Act To Placate South
1854 Recapture of slave Anthony Burns
John Quitman	Miss	1855 Hse – 56	4	0	Whig/Dem	Gov Miss ’35-36, 50-51	None	Never	House – 1855-58	1858 (59)
Lyman Trumbull	IL	1855 Sen – 41	0	18	Dem/Rep	None	None	Never	Senate – 1855-73	1896 (82)
Henry Winter Davis	MD	1855 Hse – 37	8	0	Whig/Am/Rep	None	None	Never	House – 1855-61	1865 (48)
Henry Wilson	MA	1855 Sen – 43	0	18	Wh/FS/Amer/Rep	VP ’73-75 (Grant)	None	1873VP	Senate – 1855-73	1875 (63)
James Harlan	Iowa	1855 Sen – 34	0	16	Whig/FS/Rep	Sec Interior ’65-66	None	Never	Senate – 1855-65	1899 (79)
Cadwaldr Washburn	WI	1855 Hse – 36	10	0	Rep	Gov WI ’72-74	None	Never	House – 1855-61	1882 (64)
Justin Morrill	Vt	1855 Hse – 44	12	31	Whig/Rep	None	None	Never	House – 1855-67	1898 (88)
John Sherman	OH	1855 Hse – 31	6	32	Whig/Rep	Sec Trea ’77-81 State ’97-98	None	Never	House – 1855-61	1900 (77)
George Pugh	OH	1855 Sen – 32	0	6	Dem	None	None	Never	Senate – 1855-61	1876 (53)
Schuyler Colfax	Ind	1855 Hou –32	14	0	Whig/Republican	US Vice-President ’69-73	None	1869	House – 1855-69	61 ’23-85
Martin Crawford	Ga	1855 Hou –34	6	0	Democrat	None	None	Never	House – 1855-61	63 ’20-83
Jones Withers	Ala	1855 Hou –41	2	0	Know Nothing	Mayor Mobile ’58-61	None	Never	House – 1855-57	76 ’14-90
1856-58 War In Bloody Kansas
1856 Caning of Sen. Charles Sumner

Some Additional Facts About These Congressional Leaders 1853 and 1857

Name	Height/ Build	Born 🡪 Settle	Birth Order	Occupation Of Father	Formal Education	Religion	Occupation	Own Slaves	Marriage	# Child- # Die	Miscellaneous
1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Preston Brooks	Average	SC	1st of 6	Planter	SC	Unknown	Law/mil/pol	18	Twice	4-0	Mex War, Duels Wig + Canes Sum
Laurence Keitt	Stocky	SC	5th of 7	Planter	SC	Unknown	Planter/Law/Pol	??	Once	2-1	Fire E, KIA-Cold Harbor
W. Barksdale	Average	TN/Miss	3rd of 6	Unknown	Nashville	Unknown	Law/Paper/Pol	36	Once	1-0	Mex + Civil Wars, Fire E
James H. Lane	Slight	Ind🡪.Kan	4th of 5	Law/US Cong.	High School	Unknown	Law/Mil/Pol	No	Once	5-0	Mex War, duels, pro-KN, Kansas, CW
Judah Benjamin	Large	StCx->La	3rd/7	Poor merchant	Yale	Jewish	Law/Pol/Planter	140	Once	1-0	CSA AG’61, SecWar’62,State’62-5
Nathaniel Banks	Average	MA	1st of 8	Textil mill work	High School	Unknown	Mill/Paper/Pol	None	Once	3-1	133rd vote Spkr, Rep Party,MG war
Elihu Washburn	Large	Maine-> IL	2nd /11	Gen store/ debts	Harvard	Unknown	Educ/Law/Pol	None	Once	7-1	AL friend, Grant backer, Rep Party
Jam. McDougall	Average	NY>IL>Ca	?	Unknown	High School	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Never	None	Douglas friend, Nauvoo, AG (ILCa),drink
William English	Large	Ind	1st of 1	Biz/Politics	Hanover Coll	Unknown	Law/Politics	Parents	Once	2-0	English Bill for pro-slavery in Kansas
Clement Clay	Slight	Ala	1st of 3	Gov of Alabama	U. Ala/UVA	Unknown	Law/Politics	50	Once	1-1	CSA congress, AL assassination case
Reuben Fenton	Average	NY	5th of 5	Farmer/teacher	Fredonia	Unknown	Mil/law/pol	None	Twice	4-0	Anti-KN Act, support for CW vets
Wm “Boss” Tweed	Large	NY	1st of 3	Saddler	Little	Unknown	Business/pol	None	Once	None	Tycoon, Tammany Hall, corrupt, dies/jail
1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act
1854 Recapture Anthony Burns
John Quitman	Average	NY🡪Mis	4th of 5	Minister	Hartwick	Lutheran	Law/Mil/Pol	467	Once	11-4	MG Mex War, secessionist, Cuba
Lyman Trumbull	Slight	CT🡪IL	7th/11	Law/Judge	High School	Unknown	Law/Politics	None	Twice	8-3	Co-wrote 13th Amendment
Henry W. Davis	Average	MD	1st of 1	Minister/Col Prz	Kenyon/UVA	Episcopal	Law/Orat/Pol	Yes#?	Once	1-0	Inherits slaves, but anti, Radical Rep
Henry Wilson	Large	NH🡪MA	1st of 2	Day laborer	A few years	Unknown	Shoemakr/Pol	None	Once	1-0	Abolitionist, Free Soil Party, Puritan
James Harlan	Large	IL/IND/Ia	1st of 5	Farmer	DePauw	Unknown	Educ/Law/Pol	None	Once	4-2	Close to AL, fires Walt Whitman
Cad Washburn	Large	Mai>IA>IL	3rd /11	Gen store/ debts	High School	Unknown	Law/Biz/Pol/Mil	None	Once	1-1	Gen Mills, anti-slavery, MG in CW
Justin Morrill	Average	Vt	?	Blacksmith	High School	Unknown	Mer/Bnk/RR/Pol	None	Once	2-1	Land Grant Acts
John Sherman	Average	OH	8th /11	Lawyer/judge	High School	Unknown	Law/Biz/Pol	None	Once	1 adopt	Anti-slavery, Kansas, Rep, Wm brother
George Pugh	Average	OH	3rd of 5	Unknown	Miami OH	Catholic	Law/Mil/Pol	None	Once	3-1	Mex War, confronts Yancy at ’60 Conv.
Schuyler Colfax	Average	NY🡪Ind	2nd /7	Bank teller	Grade school	Unknown	Newspaper/pol	None	Twice	1-0	Anti-slavery, Speaker ’63-9, VP ’69-73
Martin Crawford	Average	Ga	3rd of 5	??	Mercer	Unknown	Law/pol/mil/jdg	??	Twice	5-2	Colonel CSA army
Jones Withers	Average	Ala	7th of 8	Judge	West Point	Unknown	Mil/law/bus/pol	?	Once	6-0	Major Gen – CSA
1856-58 War In Bloody Kansas
1856 Caning of Sen. Sumner

Photo Gallery of Congressmen (1853-1859)

Jones M. Withers

John A. Quitman

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